Improved attachment of handles to tin pails



NITED STATES PATENT OEEICEo THOMAS EVANS, OF WATKINS, NEW YORK.

Specification forming partof Letters Patent No. 24,451 dated .I une 2l,1859.

1'0 LH who-m, t may concern.-

Be it known that I, THOMAS EVANS, of Watkins, in the county of Schuylerand State of New York, have invented certain Improvements in MetallicEars for Tinware and other Purposes; and I-do hereby declare that thefollowing is a fulland exact description thereof, reference being had tothe accompanying` drawings, and to the letters ofreferen ce markedthereon, in which- Figure lis an elevation showing the ears in use. Fig.2 is va vertical section showing the manner of attaching the bail. Fig.3 is a reverse elevation showing the liattened end of the bail. Fig. 4is a front elevation of the ear. Fig. 5 is a reverse elevation of thesame.

Similar letters refer to corresponding parts in all the figures.

My improvements are applicable to those ears which are used foraf'tixing bails to tin and other sheet-metal wares, which are of convexform externally, and are attached to the sides of pails or vessels anddo not extend above the top. In such the end of the bail passes throughan eye and is bent in the form ot' a hook, which turns within theconcave or raised portion of the ear.

In my improved ear the eye c forms the center of a series of concentriccorrugations, b b l), which surround it, extending as far as the swelledor convex surface does. These corrugations give increased strength tothe bearing of the ear where it rests on the bail, that being the pointwhich receives all the Weight of the contents of the vessel, andconsequently c of the bail d bear against one of the rings orcorrugations b, the outer one being the most convenient for thatpurpose, by which the eye is relieved of a considerable portion of thestrain coming upon it, and thereby is less atfected. This renders thebail less subject to becoming loose, as 'the eye is prevented, in agreat measure, from wearing larger by this double bearing which is giventhe bail. The corrugations may be more or less 1n number,

as the size or thicknessof the metal may rei quire. The end of the bailis ilattened to give it more bearing-surface, and likewise to enlarge itsufficiently to prevent it from slipping out ofthe ear, as shown in Fig.3, by which it Y Y ycannot be detached without cutting away theflattened portion.Y A groove yor channel, e, is provided on the lowerside of the ear, communicating with the interior cavity thereof', whichallows the water that will at times insinuate itself into the eye toescape freely. This is an important requisite, small as it may appear,to the practical use of ears of this l'orm, as moisture, if allowed toremain in the cavity of the ear, very soon occasions rust to form andcorrode the thin metal until the ear is spoiled. f

This form -of ear is very desirable from numerous causes. It renderspails, &c., more .elegant in appearance and convenient to use than whenthe bail is attached above the top. It possesses greater strength anddurability than the ordinary ears and is far cheaper, being produced bythe single and almost instantaneous operation ot' a die or press,instead of by hand-labor. They are easily att-ached, either by solder orriveting,and allow the bail to turn freely, While still maintaining itsdouble bearing.

I am aware that ears have been formed with a concave recess to receivethe hook'of the bail, and this, simply, I do not claim; but

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

Forming metallic ears for pails, buckets, and other-vessels withconcentric annular corrugations surrounding the bailorice, incombination with the flattened hook at the end of the bail, providedwith an additional bearing against the surface of one or more of saidcorrugations, and the drip-opening or downward continuation of the outercorrugation, substantially in the manner and for the purposes Witnesses:

ARCHIBALD Ronnnss, JOHN GRAHAM.

